Timeline Ca 1600-1945

02 June 2010

De tijdlijn geeft een overzicht van belangrijke gebeurtenissen tussen ca 1600 - 1900 in Africa, Midden Oosten, Oost Azie, India en Zuidoost Azie en Europa.

Year	Africa and the Middle East	The Americas	East Asia	India and Southeast Asia	Europe
1600	Dutch West India Co. supplants Portuguese in West Africa, ca 1630 Dutch settle Cape Town, 1651 Rise of Ashanti Empire, founded on Gold Coast trade, ca 1700-1750	British settle Jamestown, 1607 Champlain founds Quebec, 1608 Dutch found New Amsterdam, 1624 Black labor allows tenfold increase in production of Carolinian rice and Virginian tobacco, ca 1730-1760 Silver production quadruples in Mexico and Peru, ca 1700-1800	Tokugawa Shogunate, 1600-1867 The first Dutch ship ever to arrive in Japan, the Liefde ("Love"), anchors in Sashifu (april 1600) Japan expels all Europeans, 1637 Manchus establish Qing Dynasty, 1644 Height of Qing Dynasty und K’ang-hsi, 1662-1722 Height of Edo urban culture in Japan, ca 1700	Height of Mughal Empire und Shah Jahan, 1628-1658 British found Calcutta, 1690 Decline of Mughal Empire, ca 1700-1800 Persian invaders sack Delhi, 1739	Romanov Dynasty in Russia, 1613 Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648 Brandenburg-Prussia unified, 1640-1688 English Civil War, 1642-1646 Louis XIV, king of France, 1643-1714 Ottomans besiege Vienna, 1683 The Glorious Revolution in England, 1688
1700	Approximately 11 million slaves shipped from Africa, ca 1450-1850 Dutch found Cape Colony, 1657 Rise of Ashanti, West Africa, ca 1700 Decline of the Safavid Empire under Nadi Shah, 1737-1747	Spain’s defeat in War of the Spanish Succession, 1701-1714, prompts trade reform, leading to colonial dependence on Spanish goods, 18th century	Tokugawa regime in Japan, characterized by political stability and economic growth, 1600-1867 Manchus establish Qing Dynasty, 1644-1911 Height of Qing Dynasty under Emperor Ch’ien-lung, 1736-1799	Mughal power contested by Hindus and Muslims, 18th century Persian invaders defeat Mughal army, loot Delhi, 1739 French and British fight for control of India, 1740-1763	Growth of absolutism in central and eastern Europe, ca 1680-1790 The Enlightenment, ca 1680-1800 Height of land enclosure in England, ca 1760-1810
1750	Sultan Selim III introduces administrative and military reforms, 1761-1808 British seize Cape Town, 1795 Napoleon’s campaign in Egypt, 1798	"French and Indian Wars," 1756-1763 American Revolution, 1775-1783 Comunero revolution, New Granada, 1781	Maximum extent of Qing Empire, 1759	Battle of Plassey, 1757 Treaty of Paris, 1763; French colonies to Britain Cook in Australia, 1768-1771; first British prisoners to Australia, 1788 East India Act, 1784	Englishman James Watt produces first steam engine, 1769 Outbreak of French Revolution, 1789 National Convention declares France a republic, 1792
1800	Muhammad Ali founds dynasty in Egypt, 1805-1848 Slavery abolished in British Empire, 1807 Peak year of African transatlantic slave trade, 1820	Latin American wars of independence from Spain, 1806-1825 Brazil wins independence from Portugal, 1822 Monroe Doctrine, 1823 Political instability in most Latin American countries, 1825-1870 Mexican War, 1846-1848	Java War, 1825-1830 Anglo-Chinese Opium War, 1839-1842 Treaty of Nanjing, 1842: Manchus surrender Hong Kong to the British	British found Singapore, 1819 British defeat last independent native state in India, 1848	Napoleonic Empire, 1804-1814 Congress of Vienna, 1814-1815 Greece wins independence from Ottoman Empire, 1829 Revolutions in France, Prussia, Italy, and Austria, 1848-1849
1850	Crimean War, 1853-1856 Suez Canal opens, 1869 Europeans intensify "scramble for Africa," 1880-1900 Battle of Omdurman, 1898 Boer War, 1899-1902	American Civil War, 1861-1865 British North America Act, 1867, for Canada Porfirio Diaz controls Mexico, 1876-1911 United States practices "dollar diplomacy" in Latin America, 1890-1920s Spanish-American War, 1898; United States gains Philippines	Taiping Rebellion, 1850-1864 Perry’s arrival opens Japan to United States and Europe, 1853 Meiji Restoration in Japan, 1867 Adoption of constitution in Japan, 1890 Sino-Japanese War, 1894-1895 "Hundred Days of Reform" in China, 1898	Great Rebellion in India, 1857-1858 French seize Saigon, 1859 Indian National Congress formed, 1885 French acquire Indochina, 1893	Unification of Italy, 1859-1870 Franco-Prussian War, 1870-1871; foundation of German Empire Parliamentary Reform Bill, Great Britain, 1867 Second Socialist International, 1889-1914
1900	Union of South Africa formed, 1910 South African Native National Congress French annex Morocco, 1912 African resistance movements; Herero revolts Treaty of Sevres dissolves Ottoman Empire, 1919	Massive immigration from Europe and Asia to the Americas, 1880-1914 Mexican Revolution, 1910 Panama Canal opens, 1914 United States enters World War I, 1917 Mexico adopts constitution, 1917 Ford Model T introduced Mexican Revolution begins The New Deal A-Bomb developed	Boxer Rebellion in China, 1900-1903 Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905 Japanese militarism; Japan annexes Korea Chinese Revolution; fall of Qing Dynasty, 1911 Chinese Republic, 1912-1949	Commonwealth of Australia, 1900 Muslim League formed, 1906 Radicals make first calls for Indian independence, 1907 Amritsar massacre in India, 1919 Vietnamese and Indonesian nationalism Intensification of Indian nationalism, 1919-1947	Revolution in Russia, 1905 Einstein’s theory of relativity V.I. Lenin and Bolshevism; Russian Revolution, 1917 Triple Entente (Britain, Russia, France), 1914-1918 World War I, 1914-1918 Treaty of Versailles, 1919 Mussolini and Hitler Spanish Civil War World War II, 1939-1945; The Holocaust; United Nations
1945	Algerian revolution African independence Iranian Revolution, 1979 Iran-Iraq War Universal suffrage in South Africa	Juan and Evita Peron in Argentina Rock and Roll Cuban Revolution, 1959; Fidel Castro Martin Luther King, Jr., U.S. civil rights crusade Man on the Moon, 1969 Women’s liberation movement, United States The Computer Age	Atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1945 Chinese Communist victory; Mao Zedong	Independence in India; Nehru Bandung Conference; neutralist movement U.S. in Vietnam	Berlin Wall, 1961 Collapse of Communism in eastern Europe Dismantling of Berlin Wall Reunification of Germany Collapse of USSR

Year

Africa and the Middle East

The Americas

East Asia

India and Southeast Asia

Europe

1600

Dutch West India Co. supplants Portuguese in West Africa, ca 1630

Dutch settle Cape Town, 1651

Rise of Ashanti Empire, founded on Gold Coast trade, ca 1700-1750

British settle Jamestown, 1607

Champlain founds Quebec, 1608

Dutch found New Amsterdam, 1624

Black labor allows tenfold increase in production of Carolinian rice and Virginian tobacco, ca 1730-1760

Silver production quadruples in Mexico and Peru, ca 1700-1800

Tokugawa Shogunate, 1600-1867

The first Dutch ship ever to arrive in Japan, the Liefde ("Love"), anchors in Sashifu (april 1600)

Japan expels all Europeans, 1637

Manchus establish Qing Dynasty, 1644

Height of Qing Dynasty und K’ang-hsi, 1662-1722

Height of Edo urban culture in Japan, ca 1700

Height of Mughal Empire und Shah Jahan, 1628-1658

British found Calcutta, 1690

Decline of Mughal Empire, ca 1700-1800

Persian invaders sack Delhi, 1739

Romanov Dynasty in Russia, 1613

Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648

Brandenburg-Prussia unified, 1640-1688

English Civil War, 1642-1646

Louis XIV, king of France, 1643-1714

Ottomans besiege Vienna, 1683

The Glorious Revolution in England, 1688

1700

Approximately 11 million slaves shipped from Africa, ca 1450-1850

Dutch found Cape Colony, 1657

Rise of Ashanti, West Africa, ca 1700

Decline of the Safavid Empire under Nadi Shah, 1737-1747

Spain’s defeat in War of the Spanish Succession, 1701-1714, prompts trade reform, leading to colonial dependence on Spanish goods, 18th century

Tokugawa regime in Japan, characterized by political stability and economic growth, 1600-1867

Manchus establish Qing Dynasty, 1644-1911

Height of Qing Dynasty under Emperor Ch’ien-lung, 1736-1799

Mughal power contested by Hindus and Muslims, 18th century

Persian invaders defeat Mughal army, loot Delhi, 1739

French and British fight for control of India, 1740-1763

Growth of absolutism in central and eastern Europe, ca 1680-1790

The Enlightenment, ca 1680-1800

Height of land enclosure in England, ca 1760-1810

1750

Sultan Selim III introduces administrative and military reforms, 1761-1808

British seize Cape Town, 1795

Napoleon’s campaign in Egypt, 1798

"French and Indian Wars," 1756-1763

American Revolution, 1775-1783

Comunero revolution, New Granada, 1781

Maximum extent of Qing Empire, 1759

Battle of Plassey, 1757

Treaty of Paris, 1763; French colonies to Britain

Cook in Australia, 1768-1771; first British prisoners to Australia, 1788

East India Act, 1784

Englishman James Watt produces first steam engine, 1769

Outbreak of French Revolution, 1789

National Convention declares France a republic, 1792

1800

Muhammad Ali founds dynasty in Egypt, 1805-1848

Slavery abolished in British Empire, 1807

Peak year of African transatlantic slave trade, 1820

Latin American wars of independence from Spain, 1806-1825

Brazil wins independence from Portugal, 1822

Monroe Doctrine, 1823

Political instability in most Latin American countries, 1825-1870

Mexican War, 1846-1848

Java War, 1825-1830

Anglo-Chinese Opium War, 1839-1842

Treaty of Nanjing, 1842: Manchus surrender Hong Kong to the British

British found Singapore, 1819

British defeat last independent native state in India, 1848

Napoleonic Empire, 1804-1814

Congress of Vienna, 1814-1815

Greece wins independence from Ottoman Empire, 1829

Revolutions in France, Prussia, Italy, and Austria, 1848-1849

1850

Crimean War, 1853-1856

Suez Canal opens, 1869

Europeans intensify "scramble for Africa," 1880-1900

Battle of Omdurman, 1898

Boer War, 1899-1902

American Civil War, 1861-1865

British North America Act, 1867, for Canada

Porfirio Diaz controls Mexico, 1876-1911

United States practices "dollar diplomacy" in Latin America, 1890-1920s

Spanish-American War, 1898; United States gains Philippines

Taiping Rebellion, 1850-1864

Perry’s arrival opens Japan to United States and Europe, 1853

Meiji Restoration in Japan, 1867

Adoption of constitution in Japan, 1890

Sino-Japanese War, 1894-1895

"Hundred Days of Reform" in China, 1898

Great Rebellion in India, 1857-1858

French seize Saigon, 1859

Indian National Congress formed, 1885

French acquire Indochina, 1893

Unification of Italy, 1859-1870

Franco-Prussian War, 1870-1871; foundation of German Empire

Parliamentary Reform Bill, Great Britain, 1867

Second Socialist International, 1889-1914

1900

Union of South Africa formed, 1910

South African Native National Congress

French annex Morocco, 1912

African resistance movements; Herero revolts

Treaty of Sevres dissolves Ottoman Empire, 1919

Massive immigration from Europe and Asia to the Americas, 1880-1914

Mexican Revolution, 1910

Panama Canal opens, 1914

United States enters World War I, 1917

Mexico adopts constitution, 1917

Ford Model T introduced

Mexican Revolution begins

The New Deal

A-Bomb developed

Boxer Rebellion in China, 1900-1903

Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905

Japanese militarism; Japan annexes Korea

Chinese Revolution; fall of Qing Dynasty, 1911

Chinese Republic, 1912-1949

Commonwealth of Australia, 1900

Muslim League formed, 1906

Radicals make first calls for Indian independence, 1907

Amritsar massacre in India, 1919

Vietnamese and Indonesian nationalism

Intensification of Indian nationalism, 1919-1947

Revolution in Russia, 1905

Einstein’s theory of relativity

V.I. Lenin and Bolshevism; Russian Revolution, 1917

Triple Entente (Britain, Russia, France), 1914-1918

World War I, 1914-1918

Treaty of Versailles, 1919

Mussolini and Hitler

Spanish Civil War

World War II, 1939-1945; The Holocaust; United Nations

1945

Algerian revolution

African independence

Iranian Revolution, 1979

Iran-Iraq War

Universal suffrage in South Africa

Juan and Evita Peron in Argentina

Rock and Roll

Cuban Revolution, 1959; Fidel Castro

Martin Luther King, Jr., U.S. civil rights crusade

Man on the Moon, 1969

Women’s liberation movement, United States

The Computer Age

Atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1945

Chinese Communist victory; Mao Zedong

Independence in India; Nehru

Bandung Conference; neutralist movement

U.S. in Vietnam

Berlin Wall, 1961

Collapse of Communism in eastern Europe

Dismantling of Berlin Wall

Reunification of Germany

Collapse of USSR